Analysis of Pre-Flight and Monitoring Tasks Using Cognitive Performance Modeling

Abstract: Pilot cognitive workload and errors significantly contribute to aviation incidents. Evaluations of piloting tasks in both simulators and real-world settings, along with computational models of cognitive task performance can help to identify cognitively challenging tasks early in the system design process and enhance user interface designs. This study applied cognitive performance modeling (CPM) to assess pilot task demands in pre-flight and monitoring using a UH-60V Black Hawk helicopter flight simulator. The objective was to propose potential flight checklist and subtask interface redesigns to reduce pilot working memory load and improve operational effectiveness. Initial analysis involved reviewing pilot instructions and logs for pre-flight checks, monitoring activities, and emergency responses. Actions, such as button presses, task errors and the duration between tasks were recorded. A Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) was applied to identify sub-task interdependencies. CPMs were developed using Cogulator and a variation on the GOMS language detailing cognitive, perceptual, and motor processes. Models focused on task sequences and cognitive process durations, revealing task time estimates, working memory load, and cognitive workload. Demanding subtasks were identified based on longer durations and/or higher workloads. Cogulator model outcomes for workload assessment were compared with pilot opinions on task difficulty for model validation. Recommendations for cockpit interface enhancements were formulated with the aim of streamlining sub-task operation sequences, reducing cognitive load, and improving pre-flight and monitoring efficiency. Key suggestions included redesigning checklists, providing auto-text completion options for data entry tasks, and implementing temporary shutdowns of displays (irrelevant to the primary flight task) under emergency conditions. The study methodology was validated through expert interviews and findings inform the design of current and future piloting procedures, potentially contributing to improved aviation safety and efficiency.

Keywords: Cognitive Performance Modeling, Cognitive Workload, Aviation Human Factors, Occupational Safety

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005693

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