The Implementation of AI in the eVTOL Safety Management Systems

Abstract: The emergence of electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft represents a transformative evolution in urban mobility, promising sustainable and efficient air transportation. However, the integration of eVTOLs into high-density urban environments introduces new safety challenges that require advanced Safety Management Systems (SMS). Traditional SMS frameworks, which rely on deterministic models and human-centric decision-making, are insufficient for managing the complexity of eVTOL operations. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into SMS offers a proactive approach to risk assessment, predictive maintenance, and human-machine interaction, ensuring enhanced operational safety and regulatory compliance. This study explores the role of AI in augmenting SMS for eVTOL operations, focusing on predictive analytics, human-machine interface (HMI) enhancements, and real-world applications from leading eVTOL manufacturers such as Joby Aviation and Lilium. AI-driven predictive analytics enable real-time risk detection and mitigation, improving component reliability and reducing maintenance-related failures. Enhanced HMI tools facilitate adaptive decision-making, reducing cognitive workload for pilots and optimizing safety-critical interactions between human operators and automated systems. Case studies demonstrate that AI-integrated SMS frameworks improve emergency response times, enhance situational awareness, and support the continuous evolution of safety protocols in eVTOL aviation. The findings of this study have significant implications for policy development, training programs, and collaborative innovation. Regulatory agencies such as the FAA and EASA must establish AI-driven safety regulations to ensure compliance while fostering technological advancements in urban air mobility. Training programs must be restructured to incorporate AI-based learning methodologies, preparing pilots and maintenance personnel for AI-enhanced workflows. Collaboration between AI developers, aviation regulators, and eVTOL manufacturers is essential to establishing standardized AI-driven safety management practices.As urban air mobility continues to expand, AI-driven SMS will play a critical role in ensuring the safety, efficiency, and scalability of eVTOL operations. The integration of AI into SMS provides a pathway for predictive, data-driven risk management, enabling a future where eVTOLs operate seamlessly within the global aviation ecosystem. Future research should focus on refining AI decision-making algorithms, improving real-time safety interventions, and developing regulatory frameworks that ensure the safe deployment of AI-driven eVTOL technologies.

Keywords: electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL), Flight Safety, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Safety Management Systems (SME)

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1006501

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