Digital Copilots: Advancing Pilot Mental Health Through AI Chatbots and Systems

Abstract: Commercial pilots routinely work long, irregular schedules under high-stress conditions, and these demands are linked to higher rates of anxiety, depression, and fatigue than those seen in the general population. Persistent mental health stigma within the aviation community often drives pilots toward self-reliance rather than professional care due to the possibilities of suspension, grounding or loss of their pilot license. Recently developed AI-driven mental-health chatbots could offer pilots an anonymous support option that circumvents this stigma. Although no aviation-specific trials exist, a number of studies in the general population report moderate symptom reductions from use of mental health AI chatbots. In this review, we synthesize that evidence and evaluate its applicability to commercial pilots. For this literature review, we reviewed over 100 papers using terms for aviation psychology, pilot mental health, and digital/chatbot interventions; we also screened literature on complementary AI systems. Overall, findings suggest AI chatbots are suitable as adjunct support for pilots with mild or subclinical distress but should not replace professional care in severe cases. Chatbots may facilitate self-screening, early detection, and brief preventive coaching for pilots. In addition to chatbots, we also review other AI-based systems to understand their impact on the mental health of commercial pilots. Preliminary evidence also suggests that chatbots and other AI systems may enhance emotion-regulation skills, which could contribute to overall improved operational safety. When access to human therapists is limited, these interventions could offer discreet, scalable mental health support tailored to the unique demands of the aviation profession.

Keywords: Aviation Psychology, AI Chatbots, Digital Mental health, Pilot Mental Health, Mental Health AI Systems

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1007021

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