No-Trace Seating: A Probabilistic Design Approach to Reducing Visible Moisture Marks Through Passive Geometry

Abstract

Prolonged sitting often leads to moisture accumulation at the seat–skin interface, resulting in visible moisture marks on seating surfaces after an individual stands. While thermal comfort and perceived sweating during sitting have been widely studied, the formation of visible surface marks and their relationship to human–seat interaction remain largely unexplored in ergonomics and human factors research. Such marks may negatively affect perceived comfort, social confidence, and seating usability, highlighting the need for predictive and design-oriented solutions. This study introduces No-Trace Seating, a predictive modeling and ergonomic design framework aimed at estimating and reducing the likelihood of moisture mark formation during seated activities. The framework integrates human thermoregulation, textile microclimate behavior, contact-interface mechanics, and heat–mass transfer to identify key contributors to moisture accumulation at the seat–skin interface. Primary predictors include sitting duration, body mass index (BMI), contact-pressure distribution, seat and clothing vapor resistance, interface temperature gradients, and ambient humidity. These parameters are incorporated into a hybrid predictive approach combining a simplified physical moisture-balance model with a statistical classification method to estimate the probability of visible mark formation. The model enables both analytical understanding and practical assessment of seating conditions associated with increased moisture risk. To translate prediction into a design intervention, a ventilated seating concept is proposed. The design employs micro-airflow channels and high moisture-vapor-transmission-rate (MVTR) materials to enhance airflow and moisture dissipation at critical contact regions. Preliminary simulations indicate improved microclimate regulation and reduced predicted moisture accumulation compared to conventional seating materials.

Keywords: Seating Ergonomics, Microclimate, Moisture Accumulation, Passive Ventilation, Predictive Modeling

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1007447