AHFE Open AccessAdvances in Intelligent Rehabilitation Systems for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders worldwide, and over 85% of chronic cases are classified as chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNSLBP). Traditional rehabilitation approaches, such as medication, physical therapy, and self-managed exercise, often face challenges like poor adherence and limited feedback. With advances in wearable sensors, virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), and tele-rehabilitation, intelligent rehabilitation systems are emerging as innovative home-based solutions. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, this review analyzes studies on CNSLBP rehabilitation systems published between 2016 and 2025. It identifies the critical components, smart technologies, and design characteristics of the CNSLBP rehabilitation systems, while highlighting their effectiveness in improving user engagement. Current limitations include fragmented system integration, inadequate user experience design, and weak behavioral intervention mechanisms. Future development should emphasize standardized digital therapeutics, multimodal personalization, and user-centered interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance the clinical efficacy and quality of life for patients.
Keywords: Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain, Intelligent Rehabilitation Systems, Wearable Technology, Virtual Reality, User-centered Design
DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1007496
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