Operational Challenges in Small Modular Reactors: Insights into Human Factors and Emerging Technologies

Abstract

Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) introduce new operational concepts and promise both economic and safety benefits, but they also pose challenges for practical implementation and human factors. These challenges include reduced staffing levels, remote personnel, and the centralised management of multiple facilities, among others. The distinctive characteristics of SMRs, and moreover, the potential of emerging technologies, can significantly shape human roles and work practices. Consequently, the role of emerging technologies is becoming increasingly important in supporting safe and efficient SMR operations. This study aims to identify practical needs and solutions for leveraging technology in SMR operations by presenting example cases collaboratively developed with subject matter experts. The study emphasises that the integration of new technologies should be considered already in the design phase, and that the principles of plant design and operational concepts should reflect the effective use of these technologies.

Keywords: Nuclear Energy, Small Modular Reactors, Human Factors, Emerging Technologies, Operational Concepts

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1007565