A Gender-Sensitive Human Systems Engineering Approach to Personal Protective Equipment Design in the Textile Industry: A Sociotechnical Analysis

Abstract

The research is based on focus group interviews with 25 unionized female textile workers. The data obtained were analyzed using thematic analysis and network analysis methods; the most significant finding of the study is that merely distributing PPE is insufficient to create a safe working environment. The key factors determining safe behavior are the suitability of the equipment to the body and the task, the quality of managerial supervision, and the psychosocial environment at the workplace. For example, thick gloves, protective goggles that do not fit the face properly, difficult-to-use hand tools, uncomfortable masks and workwear unsuitable for the female body both reduce PPE usage and weaken workers’ perception of risk. Furthermore, managerial pressure, workplace bullying and inadequate supervision also have negative effects on safety culture. Based on these findings, this study proposes a socio-technical model that views PPE not merely as equipment, but as a link between the individual and the system. According to this model, ergonomic fit, perceived comfort, quality of control and psychosocial working conditions interact to shape the risk of workplace accidents.Consequently, the research emphasizes that occupational health and safety policies should not focus solely on providing protective equipment. Instead, designs that consider the needs of female workers, ergonomic approaches based on worker participation, and a more holistic understanding of the system should be adopted.

Keywords: Ergonomics, Gender-Sensitive Design, Human Systems Engineering, Personal Protective Equipment, Socio-Technical Systems, Textile Industry

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1008198