Factors Influencing the Perceived Parenting of Multigenerational Parents: A Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Abstract

Parenting in multigenerational Filipino households is shaped by evolving social expectations, emotional dynamics, and cultural influences. This study aimed to investigate the key factors that influence the perceived parenting of multigenerational parents in the Philippines. By integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the research examined how generational influence, emotional connection, media, and cultural beliefs affect parents’ attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intentions toward parenting. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study analyzed the predictive relationships among parenting-related latent variables across multigenerational parents. Moreover, emotional connection (β: 0.585, p < 0.001) was the strongest among generational factors, while behavioral intention (β: 0.609, p < 0.001) was the most significant predictor of perceived parenting. The findings contribute to the human factors and ergonomics literature by offering a culturally grounded understanding of multigenerational parenting in the Philippine context and validating the use of the Theory of Planned Behavior in modeling parenting behavior. These insights support the development of human-centered parenting interventions, educational strategies, and policy designs.

Keywords: Multigenerational Parenting, Filipino Households, Perceived Parenting, Theory Of Planned Behavior, PLS-SEM

DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1007940