AHFE Open AccessHuman Factors in Architecture, Sustainable Urban Planning and Infrastructure
Editors: Alicja Maciejko
Topics: Sustainable Urban Planning and Infrastructure
Publication Date: 2024
ISBN: 978-1-964867-29-8
DOI: 10.54941/ahfe1005331
Articles
The impact of the natural environment on the design of infrastructure in national parks in terms of ergonomics, safety and accessibility
National parks are located in naturally attractive areas. In practice, this means that these are the areas that are less accessible, legally protected, or where intense, violent, or even extreme climatic conditions occur. These problems significantly affect the design solutions of tourist infrastructure facilities such as pedestrian and access roads, parking lots, ticket offices, sanitary buildings, camping sites; elements of small architecture such as handrails, stairs, bridges, huts, and places to relax, information signs as well as extensive architectural facilities such as shelters and catering facilities. The article presents the problems of designing tourist infrastructure for tourists and disabled people in protected landscape areas with difficult environmental conditions, such as intense rain and snowfall, high humidity, violent wind, low or high temperatures, dangerous rock formations, wetlands or deserts, high mountain areas, wild animals, assuming that both the safety and comfort of users as well as maximum protection of nature are important. These factors are largely mutually exclusive, which is why the quality of the proposed architectural solutions and materials used is so important, so as not to have a destructive impact on the existing natural conditions with optimal accessibility. Design problems were discussed based on the analysis of existing solutions and divided into groups of factors affecting access, safety, comfort, design and implementation possibilities, and use.
Michal Grzeskowiak, Alicja Maciejko
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Problems of designing infrastructure of tourist trails in protected landscape and nature areas: Analysis of selected examples
The article presents problems of designing the tourist infrastructure for turists as also disabled people in protected landscape areas on the selected examples from Poland, Europe and United States. They concern design problems and intensity tourist traffic towards and within protected areas. The quality of access to protected areas is significantly influenced by the architecture of tourist infrastructure objects presented in the article. At the introduction, there is an analysis of current regulations and implementation practice from the designer’s and user points of view. Design problems were discussed on the selected examples of in terms of changing regulations and under the influence of increasing the social sensitivity to the problem of accessibility for the people with disabilities and also, which is the essence of the design in an area of unique natural values, responsibility for the quality of natural open spaces, protected landscapes. There are many studies discussing the problems of disabled people in the apartments, public spaces and buildings. Now, this issue is expanding into open landscape areas, tourist routes and areas of legal nature protection. However, the implementation of full accessibility, as well as making the protected landscape available for tourism, is conditioned by many limitations. The article presents an analysis of what actions can be taken and what areas can be designated for full and partial accessibility.
Alicja Maciejko, Michal Grzeskowiak
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Design Strategies for Retrofitting Elementary School Campus Spaces Based on Biophilic Designs
Due to the national emphasis on the physical and mental development of students and the development of the environment, the current campus construction can no longer meets the educational needs. The design of primary school campuses is too stereotyped, which disconnects students from nature and leads to problems such as unsatisfied psychological and cognitive needs. Biophilic design introduces beneficial nature into artificial environments by recreating elements that mimic nature, enhance the cognitive and psychological connection between human and nature, and provide theoretical support and design guidance for healthy and sustainable human settlements.This article aims to combine the goal of biophilic design and sustainable campuses, use the KJ method to summarize the current problems of the campus and the needs of teachers and students and update the primary school campus space.First of all, through research, it is concluded that biophilic design is a design concept that coexists with the natural environment in artificial spaces and seeks sustainable development; there are three design methods:1) Natural space: Use natural elements to create space layout, such as planting green plants in the atrium of office buildings to expand the view;2) Natural-like things: things that simulate nature and indirectly connect humans and nature, usually in the form of natural patterns, colors, materials, etc.;3) Nature in space: Establish space and create atmosphere to realize the connection between people and nature. The corresponding design modes are direct experience of nature, indirect experience, and experience of space and place.Then, through field investigation, questionnaire surveys, situational observations, etc., the current problems of campus space and user needs were collected. The specific process is as follows: first, the campus space and the behavior of teachers and students were observed, questions were sorted out and analyzed, and questionnaires were designed. The questionnaire mainly focuses on the experience of campus space, usage needs, and landscape preferences. Then select the interviewees; A total of 360 teachers and students were selected for the questionnaire survey, and 15 people were selected for in-depth interviews based on the differences in the results. After sorting the information, KJ method was used to screen. Combined with the preliminary analysis and classification summary of the space and teacher and student behavior, the space transformation needs were summarized according to the correlation into experiential needs, interactive needs, safety needs, interesting needs and belonging needs.Finally, according to the transformation needs, biophilic design was introduced, direct experience was taken as the first-level design mode, direct introduction of natural space, and interaction between students and nature were improved by means of five senses experience. Indirect experience was used as secondary design mode to enhance students' experience and sense of belonging through natural materials and pattern association. Abstract experience was used as a three-level design model, through the transition of space landscape and atmosphere to enhance the interest of space. Through systematic investigation, this study summarizes the current problems, enhances the credibility of the research, and proposes new transformation strategies under the framework of biophilic design principles to optimize the transformation results and explore a more complete and ecologically sustainable campus space.
Li Xu, Xiaoxuan Jiang, Ao Yu, Yuquan Zhou
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Approach to ensure inclusiveness for the identification of real mobility and public space re-design needs towards sustainability
The paper presents the methodology specified and followed in the context of the European funded project ELABORATOR, to provide a comprehensive framework that acts as a practical tool to advise all relevant parties of mobility innovation chain towards achieving a higher level of inclusivity in all phases of new mobility solutions and services’ design, implementation, deployment and evaluation. ELABORATOR aims to support cities in their transition towards climate neutrality by promoting zero-emission, active and human-centred mobility, with a special focus on inclusion. The methodology followed by the project goes beyond the technicalities of sustainable urban mobility solutions and via its inclusive research approach investigates the complex and differentiated needs conveyed by multiple stakeholders and citizens especially women and vulnerable to exclusion groups, in 12 European cities and beyond. The specified inclusion plan is enforced and validated through focus groups (1 per city) and co-creation workshops with over 200 participants of different user groups. This enriches understanding of how these needs are embedded in different social and cultural milieus, how they are interwoven with expectations and needs, how they form differentiated patterns of urban mobility as well as how they can be communicated to enhance the implementation of sustainable urban mobility solutions.The proposed research framework interacts with vulnerable to exclusion groups so that: i) a great diversity of social groups of future users and stakeholders are well represented; ii) a conscious, welcoming, and stimulating environment is created; iii) everyone in those groups feels comfortable in sharing visions, doubts and needs. The investigation, discovery, development and evaluation of the inclusivity of innovative urban mobility solutions by a large under-researched vulnerable to exclusion groups and further stakeholders’ is a complex task and is achieved through well-defined requirements, specifications, methods, tools as well as the combined access of different disciplines.The methodology followed consists of three main activities and is conducted on four distinct phases, namely the Set up phase, the Discovery & Definition phase, the Implementation phase and finally the Evaluation and Dissemination phase. The activities are related with the provision of i) an inclusive vocabulary that includes a catalog of appropriate terms to be used by all relevant parties, ii) acknowledgement of what we mean by “Vulnerable to exclusion groups” and iii) guidelines and indicators towards inclusive mobility interventions implementation and evaluation. Towards this direction, the production/capital oriented structure of societies/cities is investigated and how this norms and patterns affect women and other vulnerable groups. The challenges that women and other more vulnerable groups, such as elderly, children, people with disabilities etc. face in their daily mobility are also explored in order a set of urban quality inclusion indicators for public space and mobility to be defined. The proposed criteria are relevant to 5 broad categories: Safety & Security, Accessibility, Vitality, Public space & Mobility equipment, and Inclusive signs and representations.In more detail, the whole process consists of different steps that are followed in every phase. In the first phase specific guidelines on how to establish inclusive methodologies and co-creation tools and ensure broad representation of diverse citizen groups are provided as well as guidelines on inclusive decision-making and participation. Within the second phase an prioritization of interventions is done based on principles of inclusiveness, identified during the first phase, and using participatory decision-making as well as collective understanding of safe, sustainable, and inclusive urban transportation for all. During the third phase the enforcement of the guidelines for proposed inclusive spatial Interventions are taking place via the well-established participatory co-production processes and the definition of inclusive validation processes. Finally, the evaluation and dissemination phase that runs in parallel with the previous ones refers to the evaluation of mobility interventions using the inclusive indicators and following the inclusive and open process for evaluation.
Anna Antonakopoulou, Eva Grigoriadou, Pinelopi Alexiou, Ioulia Leventopoulou, Iasonas Sioutis, Vasilis Sourlas, Angelos Amditis, Evangelia Latsa
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An Appraisal of the benefits of supply chain management Integration in the South African Construction Industry
The construction industry due to its ever-evolving collaborative focus on sustainability and technology integration, is pivotal in fostering economic and social development in nations across the globe. Supply chain management (SCM) has an enormous role to play in ushering in this unique development, due to its impact on the quality of the final constructed output. SCM ensure the coordination and optimizing process of every construction product to ensure an overall responsiveness of the construction industry market demand and output in the society. This study identifies the benefits of SCM adoption in the South African construction industry (SACI). The study adopted a quantitative research approach with data gathered from the participants with the SACI. Information gathered was analyzed using mean item score, standard deviation, and Cronbach alpha. The findings revealed the benefits of SCM in the SACI to be, improved sustainability and productivity in the construction sector, construction project cost reduction, improved quality control in the construction sector, adequate risk reduction in the construction sector and improved construction project delivery time. These were seen as a direct impact the adoption SCM have in the SACI. The lack of SCM integration can stifle the economic development in the society. Therefore, it requires effective public policies and stakeholders’ collaboration to help ensure smooth integration and usher in economic prosperity in the region. The central government through effective policies must ensure communications, technology adoption, collaboration, training, and development among construction stakeholders in the industry. This study will benefit the construction industry researchers and stakeholders around cost savings, better risk management and improved efficiency in adequately delivery of construction projects.
Emmanuel Ayorinde, Ntebo Ncogbo, Vhahangwele Mudzusi, Jeffrey Mahachi, Clinton Aigbavboa
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An Assessment of the barriers facing supply chain management Integration in the South African Construction Industry
The construction industry is a motive force, and a good proxy to measure a significant level of development in an economy. Supply chain management (SCM) is a significant aspect in the industry to help synergize collaboration between construction stakeholders to improve the performance in the construction sector. This study assessed the barriers facing SCM integration in the South African construction industry (SACI). The study adopted a quantitative research method with data gathered from the participants with the SACI. The information obtained was analyzed using mean item score, standard deviation, and Cronbach alpha. The findings showed that lack of integration in the SACI is influenced by factors such as lack of investments in the supply chain management sector, lack of collaboration among constriction professionals, skills shortages in the construction sector, inefficiencies and delays in construction project delivery, limited use of technology in monitoring project progress, a lack of innovation and investment in the construction sector. These were seen as the barriers facing the adoption of SCM in the SACI. The lack of adopting SCM in the SACI can lead to an enormous decline in the construction industry and economic infractions. Therefore, it requires an effective central government clear roadmap and industry stakeholders’ participation to help stifle the bottleneck currently maligning SCM integration in the SACI. This can be achieved through a national SCM strategy, that promotes SCM awareness and knowledge, by fostering a collaborative and innovative culture and providing financial and technical assistance to this course. The study of SCM will improve efficiency and effectiveness in the construction industry by promoting collaboration between construction stakeholders, greatly improving construction completion time, increasing customer satisfaction and confidence, and most importantly improving the political and economic situation in the region.
Emmanuel Ayorinde, Ntebo Ncogbo, Clinton Aigbavboa, Jeffrey Mahachi, Vhahangwele Mudzusi
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Analysis of the Willingness and Path of Metropolitan Residents to Participate in Rural Landscape Design：A Case Study of Yanjing Village, Yexie Town
With the introduction of the concept of "people's city and people's construction", participatory construction has gradually attracted people's attention and attention. In Yanjing Village, on the outskirts of Shanghai, there is a rural "retirement home" where managers and elderly people from nearby villages are actively involved in landscaping activities. Taking the village as the research object, this paper sorted out the participation intention, influencing factors, participation methods, organizational forms, funding sources, technical support and other issues of rural participatory landscape design on the basis of literature research, and formed a semi-structured questionnaire. Through field observation and in-depth interviews, the interview texts of the above questions were obtained, and then the conclusions were drawn through text analysis and inductive summary methods. The results show that the villagers have a strong willingness to participate, and are currently in the spontaneous stage, mainly in front of and behind their own houses or on the vacant land near the nursing home, and the main difficulties include insufficient plant design and planting technology, insufficient aesthetic resources, insufficient funding sources, arbitrary organizational forms, and lack of norms and rules, resulting in insufficient sustainability. It can be through technical guidance, such as joint construction with relevant majors in colleges and universities, to improve the ability of villagers' landscape design, to expand the channels of funding sources, such as villagers' self-raising + government subsidies + enterprise donations, and to establish a multi-party participation of the coordination mechanism, such as the establishment of a rural landscape design team composed of villagers, village committees, volunteers, and experts, to formulate rules to ensure the sustainable development of rural participatory landscape design.
Zihan Ni, Xinyi Jiang, Xiaoyu Xu, Chun Zi Wu, Tianhong Fang
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Skin, Architecture and Sustainability: Three houses in Alentejo, Portugal
Sustainability is the topic of the moment. Most of the time, it's used wrongly or even just as easily consumed rhetoric.In the field of architectural research, and in the architect's work as an architectural professional who produces projects with the sole purpose of being realised/built, sustainability and its relevance require research in the field of "Project Thinking on Design" that speculates on other ways of acting and introduces alternative visions.Based on 3 case studies in Portugal, designed by 3 contemporary Portuguese architects, we propose, with this article, to study the relevance of the option of materiality, considered at the origin of the conceptual act and in the process of synthesis that is the architectural project and, with this, to legitimize the idea and open up space for architecture to be an integral part of the notion of culture as sustainability.
Fernando Hipolito, Helena Botelho
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How carsharing services in residential housing impacts modal split and car usage – a multi-method investigation including legal challenges
This study investigates the complex interplay between environmental concerns, urban mobility challenges, and legal intricacies associated with car ownership with a focus on Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Carsharing (CS) emerges as a key element in transport systems, particularly in residential areas, aiming to reduce car dependency, reduce parking spaces, promote increased public transport usage, and reducing traffic congestion.The study explores whether CS induces a modal shift, how many cars can be replaced with a CS-vehicle, if developers can save parking spaces and thus construction costs through CS services, and what the legal landscape for parking and CS is in Austria. The research uses a multimethod approach, including a systematic literature review, semi-structured interviews, desktop research on existing carsharing projects in residential housing, and an examination of legislative aspects in Austria.Findings suggest that around 25% of analysed papers explore the connection between CS and housing. Interviews highlight key enablers for CS, including good public transport access, strategic placement of CS hubs, and the availability of e-cars. Experts specializing in the carsharing field suggest on average 12 cars can be replaced by one CS vehicle. Projects implemented in Austria, Switzerland, and Germany, where CS costs are shared among tenants or mobility fees are incorporated into rent, indicate the viability of this approach. Additionally, projects in Switzerland that regulate car ownership in lease contracts suggest the potential for reducing parking spaces by offering adequate alternative mobility options. CS is explicitly addressed only in Vienna's garage law, permitting the reduction of mandatory parking spaces. In other Austrian federal states, it is generally subject to case-by-case evaluations.Therefore, carsharing is integrated into housing developments, but faces challenges like parking limitations and legal complexities (Caruso, 2023). Austria's complex legal landscape, governed by individual states, adds intricacies to car-sharing feasibility in residential complexes. Navigating this legal terrain to realize practical mobility solutions is challenging due to limited documentation on actual projects. The study explores whether carsharing induces a modal shift. Additionally, it investigates whether developers can save parking spaces and construction costs through carsharing services, evaluating literature and practical experiences for potential reductions in parking spaces (Caruso 2023). To address the research questions, a multimethod approach was employed. Initially, a systematic literature review was undertaken to investigate whether the implementation of car sharing in residential developments could induce a modal shift, reduce private car ownership, and consequently decrease the required number of parking spaces. Using a defined search string, 188 results were initially identified, and after a rigorous elimination process, 45 papers remained for in-depth analysis. To gain insights into the practical implementation of mobility in housing, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 experts, project managers, funding experts, and residential developers and operators. Additionally, desktop research on existing housing projects was carried out, evaluating currently more than 25 projects in Austria, Germany and Switzerland. The legislative aspects, involving parking space regulations, mobility contracts and building codes in Austria's nine federal states, were examined through desk research and interviews, comparing them with regulations in Germany and Switzerland. This multimethod approach allowed for a practical exploration of the research questions, by complementing all results of literature, project research, interviews, and legislative background within a master matrix. The study, concluding in January 2024, provides findings from its literature review, revealing that around 25% of the analysed papers explore the connection between carsharing and housing. Preliminary findings from interviews, emphasize that key enablers for carsharing include good public transport access and city bicycle networks, strategically placed carsharing hubs with recognizable branding, and the availability of e-cars for mobility assurance. This study gives a policy overview of the current state in Austria and lays a foundation for future research.
Andrea Reindl, Philipp Graf, David Knapp, Wolfgang Schildorfer
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The resilience of small and troubling neighbourhoods for improving the destination brand of the cities. A case from the neighbourhoods of Naples
Modern cities, like living organisms, are in a constant state of evolution and transformation. The cityscape, in general, has an inner diversity, made up of neighbourhoods each with their own unique identity, subculture and history. A recent and promising phenomenon consists of investing increasingly in social, economic, redevelopment and branding strategies to regenerate these neighbourhoods, known in some cases as slums, even though endowed with a rich cultural and historical heritage.This article explores the role of these neighbourhoods in social and economic redevelopment and analyses its implications of underlining the need to consider them as vital pillars for building sustainable and resilient brand value for the cities.Theoretical background. Theories of gentrification support the socio-economic dynamics of urban transformations. Scholars highlight how the redevelopment of marginalized neighbourhoods influences economic structures and promotes creativity. Urban planning theorists emphasise community participation, while sustainability and CSR integration, improve the success of redevelopment. Community involvement is key and a “bottom-up” approach helps urban transformation. Cultural heritage conservation contributes to sustainable tourism by diversifying attractions. Urban marketing, focusing on neighbourhood branding, plays a key role. Recent studies highlight the link between neighbourhood brand identity and city identity.Purpose and design of the research. The research aims to demonstrate how the brand value of specific city neighbourhoods influences the overall brand image of the city. The hypotheses include the positive impact of architectural and cultural regeneration, cultural events and the presence of cultural institutions on the value of the city brand. The theoretical background is embedded in consumer culture, customer-based brand equity, brand love, personal identity theory, and self-expansion theory. The study focuses on three neighbourhoods of Naples – “Rione Sanità”, “Quartieri Spagnoli” and “San Giovanni a Teduccio” – with difficult histories but undergoing positive transformations. The research methodology combines qualitative case study analysis with stakeholder interviews and quantitative analysis of tourists' perceptions. This article shows the evidence from the first phase of the multistage research project. It is aimed to build the theoretical framework, describe the main redevelopment interventions in the investigated neighbourhoods, and their consequences in terms of revitalization of them. Also, they will identify the research hypothesis for the empirical research involving relevant stakeholders, that will be carried out in the next research phase. Expected results. The smaller neighbourhoods of Naples, rich in history and culture, are playing a fundamental role in the transformation of the city. Neglected areas are becoming centres of economic, social and cultural vitality. All this could determine positive associations towards the brand of the city of Naples, improving the city branding strategy.Originality. The relationship between the brand image of neighbourhoods and the brand image of an entire city is a topic undervalued in the literature. Therefore, we think it gives an interesting impulse to the debate in the scientific community on city and place branding from a cultural perspective.
Teresa Marrone, Giuseppe Fabio Cantone, Luigi Cantone, Vincenzo Basile
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Power to the citizens: Factors fostering satisfaction with citizen participation in urban planning
Urban planning constitutes a pivotal role in the daily routines of citizens, exerting a substantial influence on their overall quality of life. Consequently, the involvement of citizens in these planning processes is imperative. Citizen participation is a promising tool for bolstering acceptance of implemented urban planning measures. At the moment, considerable attention is directed toward the integration of virtual reality (VR) in the realm of urban planning and participation. However, the efficacy of this method seems contingent upon specific conditions or target user groups. Thus, it is crucial to differentiate the formats and methods suitable for approaching user groups at various stages to elicit a high level of satisfaction with participation, thereby ensuring enduring positive effects for future citizen engagement.This study aims to formulate a model of citizen participation in urban planning, elucidating the factors influencing satisfaction with participation and the subsequent willingness to engage in future planning processes. A comprehensive literature review identified the following factors impacting satisfaction and future willingness to participate: 1) Participation level, 2) Participation format, 3) Time of participation, and 4) Personal characteristics. In terms of participation level, informative procedures furnish participants with factual information but confer limited decision-making power. Deliberative processes, on the other hand, foster communication, discussion, and opinion formation, affording participants greater influence. Collaborative processes emphasize concrete cooperation and joint solution finding through activities such as research, analysis, and design. Regarding participation format, a dichotomy exists between analogue (e.g., citizen consultation hours, residents' meetings, face-to-face surveys) and digital (e.g., online meetings, virtual reality visualization, online voting) methods. Engagement can be initiated at different stages of the planning process, including the early planning stage, start, implementation phase, or project conclusion. Additionally, individual factors such as age, gender, norms, motives, and convictions have been identified in numerous studies as influencing participation satisfaction and willingness.This model, integrated into the NUMIC2.0 project funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, investigates determinants of citizen participation in urban and regional planning. The model incorporates the identified aspects and constructs from the literature review, offering insights into the factors influencing successful citizen participation. Advantages and disadvantages of diverse methods and approaches for specific user groups will be outlined within the paper. The model is intended to provide the municipalities with a basis for selecting suitable methods, engagement levels and participation times tailored to the respective target groups. Future research should focus on validating the model.
Maria Kreusslein, Madlen Günther
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The Transformation of Design Strategy for Triple Ecological Methodology of Smart City
Since the concept of smart city was launched in 2008, the development of smart city in China has made great breakthroughs, but there are still problems in the development. The current interpretation and research of smart city mostly focus on technology application and top-level design, which is insufficient from the perspective of humanities and social sciences. This paper does not adopt the current mainstream view of technology application regarding smart city issues, or the perspective of top-level design operability under government governance objectives. Instead, it reinterprets the philosophical dimensions from the perspective of humanistic and social ethics. Before the research, this paper conducts an analysis of the current situation of China's smart cities and theoretical reflection on this. The research is divided into two aspects: 1. Trace and analyze of the ecological philosophy of Pierre-Félix Guattari: The philosophical perspective of triple ecology is an important assertion for the current development of society and capitalist globalization, which is directly related to the issue of sustainable development. This paper introduces the philosophical concept of triple ecology of Guattari as a perspective in the field of smart city research and analyzes its triple characteristics. 2. Research on strategy application: It refers to research on strategic application of triple ecological methodology, with individual practice in China, From the perspective of contemporary ecological crisis, this paper systematically reflects on the current development of smart cities regarding value and ethics, critically corrects the development, and points out the possibility of practical connection. By reshaping the concept of philosophical perspective of triple ecology at the methodological level, this paper proposes a triple ecological philosophical design strategy of "strategic research in the context of environmental ecology", "strategic research in the context of social ecology" and "strategic research in the context of individual spiritual ecology".
Yichen Li
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The adoption of current safety practices for the construction of telecommunication masts and towers: A Principal Component Analysis
Construction safety practices is a significant aspect in the construction industry, as construction workers cannot operate in an accident free environment without proper adherence to safety guidelines. The construction and maintenance of telecommunication masts and towers can pose serious accident threat to workers on site, hence the need to adopt the current safety practices in the sector. This study outlined the current safety practices observed by workers in the construction of telecommunication masts and towers. The study adopted a quantitative research approach and data collected from the participants involved in the construction telecommunication masts and towers in Nigeria. Information gathered was analysed using the mean item score (MIS), standard deviation (SD) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The findings showcased the current safety practices of telecommunication masts and towers in the Nigeria telecommunication industry to be; personal protective equipment (PPE), fire extinguisher, safety inspection, authorized entry to construction sites is prohibited, safety policy, safety education and training programs. These were seen to have a direct impact on the safety practices currently observed in the construction of telecommunications mast and towers in the Nigerian telecommunication industry. Non adherence to safety practices can hinder the welfare of the workers and economic growth of the country. Therefore, it is imperative for the telecommunication industry in Nigeria to adopt more ways of managing safety in the industry so as to improve the safety and welfare of construction workers and prevent negative economic infractions they may arise from accidents on sight. The government should adopt measures to ensure the current safety practices are enforced among all construction stakeholders who are involved in the construction of telecommunication masts and towers to prevent accidents from happening at construction sites.
Julius Egbobawaye, Clinton Aigbavboa, Osamudiamen Otasowie
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Evaluation of Architectural Perception in Urban Industrial Heritage Buildings Based on Eye Tracking Technology
In the context of China's urban renewal era, the transformation of urban industrial heritage buildings is increasingly welcomed by architects and citizens. It is crucial to scientifically and effectively identify and evaluate the visual perception brought to viewers by the renovated industrial buildings. This study combines eye-tracking technology from human factors analysis with subjective questionnaire results to assess the visual perception of architectural spaces in a typical industrial heritage renovation project in Beijing—Langyuan Station. The results show that focusing solely on prominence (e.g., using bright colours) in renovation may not necessarily increase observers' likability or desire to explore. We recommend that in the process of renovating urban historical industrial buildings, full consideration should be given to the authenticity of the building itself, the continuity of its style, and the consistency of its style. Design innovation based on these considerations (e.g., using materials or structures with similar styles) tends to be more attractive. The findings of this study provide valuable information and practical guidance for architects and designers.
Xiaozhen Zhang, Yiming Lu, Yakun Luo, Rui Yang, Xiaonan Yang
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